摘要：雅思中國網雅思頻道跟大家分享的雅思閱讀素材叫“Why music makes you happy” 為什么音樂會讓人開心呢？本文為你揭曉！聽說跟一種叫多巴胺的物質有關呢！

今天給大家帶來的雅思閱讀素材跟音樂有關“Why music makes you happy”聽音樂時會分泌多巴胺，這是種與上癮相關的化學物質，讓人感覺快樂。這是一篇典型的科普外刊文章，適合提高閱讀水平。一起來看看那全文吧！

People love music for much the same reason they're drawn to sex, drugs,gambling and delicious food, according to new research. When you listen to tunes that move you, the study found, your brain releases dopamine, a chemical involved in both motivation and addiction.

根據新研究，人們喜愛音樂和他們沉溺性欲、毒品、賭博、美食等，原因大致相同。該研究表明，如果聽到的曲調觸動了你，大腦就會分泌多巴胺，一種與沖動、上癮相關的化學物質。

Even just anticipating(期待) the sounds of a composition like Vivaldi's "Four Seasons" or Phish's "You Enjoy Myself" can get the feel-good chemical flowing, found the study, which was the first to make a concrete(具體的) link between dopamine release and musical pleasure.

該研究還發現，即使僅僅是想一想維瓦爾第的“四季”樂章，或是費西樂隊的“你好好愛我”，都會使這種讓人快樂的化學物質流動起來。該研究是第一次在多巴胺的分泌和音樂享受之間建立具體聯系。

The findings offer a biological explanation for why music has been such a major part of major emotional events in cultures around the world since the beginning of human history. Through music, the study also offers new insightsinto how the human pleasure system works.

自人類歷史伊始，音樂便在全世界各文化的主要情感事件中舉足輕重，這一研究為其提供了生物學上的解釋。通過音樂，該研究還為人類愉悅系統的工作機制提供了新的洞見。

"You're following these tunes and anticipating what's going to come next and whether it's going to confirm or surprise you, and all of these little cognitive(認知上的) nuances(細微差別) are what's giving you this amazing pleasure," said Valorie Salimpoor, a neuroscientist(神經系統科學家) at McGill University in Montreal. "The reinforcement or reward happens almost entirely because of dopamine."

“你聽著這些曲調，期待接下來會聽到什么，它證實你的期待，或者讓你驚訝，所有這些小小的認知差異都能讓你產生這種驚喜的愉悅感。”Valorie Salimpoor是蒙特利爾McGill大學的一位神經系統科學家，她說：“這種證實或者回報的感覺能夠產生，幾乎完全是因為多巴胺的緣故。”

"This basically explains why music has been around for so long," she added. " The intense pleasure we get from it is actually biologically reinforcing in the brain, and now here's proof for it."

她接著說：“這從根本上解釋了為什么音樂的歷史如此悠久。從生理上講，我們從音樂中獲得的強烈愉悅感在大腦中不斷強化，現在我們有證據了。”

In a previous study, Salimpoor and colleagues linked music-induced(引起;導致) pleasure with a surge in intense emotional arousal, including changes in heart rate, pulse, breathing rate and other measurements. Along with these physical changes, people often report feelings of shivers or chills. When that happens during a listening experience, Salimpoor's group and others have found evidence that blood flows to regions in the brain involved in dopamine release.

在之前的一項研究中，Salimpoor和同事們將音樂引起的愉悅感與強情感沖動上升相聯系，包括心率、脈搏、呼吸率等的變化。伴隨著這些生理變化，人們還經常說有冷顫的感覺。Salimpoor團隊及其他人已經找到證據，聽音樂的過程中，如果這些現象發生，血液就會流向涉及多巴胺分泌的大腦區域。

To solidify the dopamine link, the researchersrecruited(招募) eight music-lovers, who brought to the lab samples of music that gavethem chills of pleasure. Most picks were classical, with some jazz, rock andpopular music mixed in, including Led Zeppelin and Dave Matthews Band. The mostpopular selection was Barbar's Adagio for Strings.

為證實多巴胺聯系理論，研究人員招募了八位音樂愛好者，他們帶來了使他們極度愉悅的音樂。大多數選擇了古典音樂，兼有爵士、搖滾和流行音樂，包括齊柏林飛艇(Led Zeppelin)和大衛馬修樂隊(Dave Matthews Band)。選得最多的是巴伯(Samuel Barbar)的弦樂柔板(Adagio for Strings)。

After 15 minutes of listening, scientists injected participants with a radioactivesubstance(放射性物質) that binds todopamine receptors. With a machine called a PET scanner, the scientists werethen able to see if that substance simply circulated through listeners' blood,which would indicate that they had already released a lot of dopamine, and thatthe dopamine was tying up all available receptors.

聽完15分鐘后，科學家為參加者注射能依附多巴胺感受器的放射性物質。通過PET掃描儀，科學家得以觀察這些物質是否僅在聽者的血液中循環。如果是肯定的話，這意味著他們已經大量分泌巴多胺，并且已經依附可找到的感受器。

               
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