Part I：單詞與短語

　　jazz n.爵士音樂；musical adj.音樂的，悅耳的；instrument n.器具；clavichord n.翼琴(鋼琴的前身)；Germany n.德國；keep vt. 保持；living room(n.)客廳；belong to(動詞詞組)屬于；family n.家庭；grandfather n.祖父，外祖父；recently adv.近來，最近；damage vt.破壞，弄壞；string n.細繩，琴弦；break v.斷裂，弄斷；shock vt.使震驚；allow vt.允許；touch vt.觸摸；repair vt.修理；a friend of my father’s我父親朋友中的一位

　　Part II：語法學習

　　被動語態

　　概念解釋：被動語態體現的是人或物與動詞的關系問題。當句子詞序體現的是人或物發出動作時，動詞的形式用主動態；當句子詞序體現的是人或物被動接受某一動作或行為時，動詞的形式就要用被動態。被動語態在時間概念上可以體現為現在、過去、將來以及隸屬于這幾大時間范疇的進行時。

　　示例1：We call this old musical instrument a clavichord.(我們發出call這個動作，詞序上體現的也是這個狀態，所以，用主動態)

　　示例2：This musical instrument is called a clavichord.(該樂器與稱為call之間是被動關系，詞序上體現的也是這個狀態，所以要用被動態)

　　示例3：It was made in Germany.(it與制造make之間是被動關系，詞序上體現的也是這個狀態，所以，用被動態)

　　示例4：Our clavichord is kept in the living room.(鋼琴與keep之間是被動關系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動態)

　　示例5：The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.(該樂器與購買buy之間是被動關系，而且詞序上亦如此，所以用被動態)

　　示例6：Recently it was damaged by a visitor.(it與damage之間是被動關系，詞序上亦如此，所以，用被動態)

　　示例7：Two of the strings were broken.(strings與break之間是被動關系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動態)

　　示例8：My father was shocked.(父親與shock之間是被動關系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動態)

　　示例9：We are not allowed to touch it.(我們與allow之間是被動關系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動態)

　　示例10：It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.(it與repair之間是被動關系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動態，同時，被修理的工作正處于進行中，所以用了進行體)

　　Part III：綜合訓練

　　We have an old musical instrument (1) it is (2 call) a clavichord. It was (3 make) in Germany in 1681 (4) is (5 keep) in the living room. The instrument was (6 buy) by my grandfather many years ago (7) it has (8 belong) to our family (9) a long time. Recently it was (10 damage) by a visitor (11) she tried to play jazz (12) it. She struck the keys (13) hard (14) two of the strings were (15 break). My father was (16 shock) (17) now we are not (18 allow) (19) touch it. It is now (20 be) (21 repair) by a friend of my father’s.

　　答案：

　　(1) and; (2) called; (3) made; (4) and; (5) kept; (6) bought; (7) and; (8) belonged; (9) for; (10) damaged; (11) when; (12) on; (13) so; (14) that; (15) broken; (16) shocked; (17) and; (18) allowed; (19) to; (20) being; (21) repaired

　　Part IV：句型轉換

　　將下面句子進行最大程度的合并：

　　1. We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord.

　　2. It was made in Germany in 1681. It is kept in the living room.

　　3. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. It has belonged to our family for a long time.

　　4. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it.

　　5. She struck the keys too hard. Two of the strings were broken.

　　6. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it.

　　7. Two of the strings were broken. It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.

　　答案：

　　1. We have an old musical instrument and it is called a clavichord.

　　2. It was made in Germany in 1681 and is kept in the living room.

　　3. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago and it has belonged to our family for a long time.

　　4. Recently it was damaged by a visitor when she tried to play jazz on it.

　　5. She struck the keys so hard that two of the strings were broken.

　　6. My father was shocked and now we are not allowed to touch it.

　　7. Two of the strings were broken and it is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.