雅思閱讀中的單選題實際上是烤鴨們最熟悉的英語題型，但這類題卻讓不少烤鴨黯然神傷。常常找得到，看得懂，做不對。不但浪費了時間，而且答對率也不理想。今天，李學義老師為大家分析一道選自劍7P28的單選題Q27，旨在幫助烤鴨們加深對單選題出題思路的理解。解析之前，大家不妨試一下，題目如下：

The book Educating Psyche is mainly concerned with

Athe power of suggestion in learning.

Ba particular technique for learning based on emotions.

Cthe effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious.

Dways of learning which are not traditional.

對應原文：

Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning. One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.

不知大家的選擇怎樣，但筆者的學生基本上把四個選項選了個遍。下面我們按照常規思路來逐一分析。

讀懂題干不難，問這本書是關于啥的。由于此題為本文首題，且題干中書名為斜體，定位文章首段沒有任何問題。

選A選項的同學大有人在，并且給出了理由，原文明確指出了‘focuses on the power of suggestion’。但稍微細心點，回到原文我們發現‘One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.’這句話中，‘focuses on the power of suggestion’主語which指的是不是book呢，大部分學員都恍然大悟這句話指的是書中的theory。原文中描述對象為theory, 而題目問的是book, 描述對象的截然不同就被小烤鴨們華麗麗地忽視了。A項的偷換主語，成功地起到了張冠李戴的作用。

B選項‘a particular technique for learning based on emotions’包含了learning 和 emotions，且都為文中的信息，但信息不全，且干擾性遠沒有C選項大。C選項‘the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious’在很多烤鴨眼中呼應了原文中的‘describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning’。但大家可以核對一下結構effect of A on B, 選項中A 為emotion，B 為imagination and the unconscious，而原文中 A為emotion, imagination and the unconscious，B為learning。錯誤選項C對原文進行了偷梁換柱，迷惑了不少呆萌的烤鴨。

而正確答案D項‘ways of learning which are not traditional’貌似與原文聯系最小，但大家只要抓住題干的主語book, 就會發現原文‘Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning’直接給出了答案，只不過運用了‘否定+反義詞’這一同義替換手段，即將new替換為not traditional。另外，approaches 替換為ways，也一定程度上增加了難度。

我們回過頭來再看這一題時，有兩點需要反思。其一，我們應該把更對的注意力放在題干的解讀上，搞清楚問題的主語是誰，就不至于總試圖在原文中多讀些信息，然后再憑感覺來選了。這樣的話，讀到原文中的第二句話‘One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.’的前半部分識別出這句話主語為theory時，就應該不要再讀了，因為與題干的提問對象不符。其二，嚴格按照原文提供的信息篩選選項。選項B和C很明顯是對原文中‘describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning’的改寫，稍作核對，應該可以順利排除。畢竟，干擾選項在文中往往會有所涉及，要么偷梁換柱，要么信息不全。這時候，無端的臆想和一時的大意，都有可能陰溝翻船。

總結起來，做單選題的基本原則就是‘抓主語，文章說’。題干主語提供了描述對象，明確了方向，而尊重文章給出的信息，就可以避免自己的一時大意和主觀臆想。

下面為各位烤鴨推薦一道類似題目（C5P27Q36)

The writer suggests that newspapers print items that arc intended to

Aeducate readers.

Bmeet their readers' expectations.

Cencourage feedback from readers.

Dmislead readers.

原文如下：

A third source of confusion is the attitude of the media. People are clearly more curious about bad news than good. Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. That, however, can lead to significant distortions of perception.